Concept

Draw rules

You might say: drawn game, ways a game is drawn

Chess can end without a winner by stalemate, dead position, agreement, repetition, or the move-count rules for positions without pawn moves or captures.

What it does
Stops a game when checkmate cannot be produced or when a defined draw condition is met.
Ask
Is the position a dead position, a stalemate, a repetition, an agreed draw, or a 50/75-move case?

Sources

  1. FIDE, Laws of Chess (from 1 January 2023), Article 5.2.1The game is drawn when the player to move has no legal move and his/her king is not in check. The game is said to end in ‘stalemate’. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the stalemate position was in accordance with Article 3 and Articles 4.2 – 4.7.
  2. FIDE, Laws of Chess (from 1 January 2023), Article 5.2.2The game is drawn when a position has arisen in which neither player can checkmate the opponent’s king with any series of legal moves. The game is said to end in a ‘dead position’. This immediately ends the game, provided that the move producing the position was in accordance with Article 3 and Articles 4.2 – 4.7.
  3. FIDE, Laws of Chess (from 1 January 2023), Article 5.2.3The game is drawn upon agreement between the two players during the game, provided both players have made at least one move. This immediately ends the game.
  4. FIDE, Laws of Chess (from 1 January 2023), Article 9.2The game is drawn, upon a correct claim by a player having the move, when the same position for at least the third time (not necessarily by a repetition of moves):
  5. FIDE, Laws of Chess (from 1 January 2023), Article 9.39.3.2 the last 50 moves by each player have been completed without the movement of any pawn and without any capture.
  6. FIDE, Laws of Chess (from 1 January 2023), Article 9.6If one or both of the following occur(s) then the game is drawn: 9.6.1 the same position has appeared, as in 9.2.2 at least five times.
  7. FIDE, Laws of Chess (from 1 January 2023), Article 9.6.29.6.2 any series of at least 75 moves have been made by each player without the movement of any pawn and without any capture. If the last move resulted in checkmate, that shall take precedence.

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